Explain How the Committees of Correspondence Helped Unite the Colonies Agains the British
The Committees of Correspondence: The Voice of the Patriots
The Committees of Correspondence were conditional Patriot emergency governments established in response to British policy on the eve of the American Revolution throughout the Thirteen Colonies. Additionally, Committees of Correspondence served as a vast network of advice throughout the Thirteen Colonies between Patriot leaders. On the verge of the American Revolution, Committees of Correspondence were formed in cities and regions throughout the American colonies. The most influential Committees of Correspondence on the eve of the American Revolution were located in the colonies of Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New York, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina.
In late 1773, the Boston Committee of Correspondence was charged with managing the "tea crisis" and was the driving force of the December 16, 1773 Boston Tea Party…
These Committees of Correspondence were intercolonial continuing provincial governments. The first of these provincial governments was formed in Nov of 1772 in Boston. Since the cease of the French and Indian War, the city of Boston had become the hotbed of radicalism in the American colonies, and then it was no wonder the first Committee of Correspondence was formed in Boston. In belatedly 1773, the Boston Committee of Correspondence was charged with managing the "tea crunch" and was the driving forcefulness of the Dec 16, 1773, Boston Tea Political party, which was carried out by the Sons of Liberty. The Boston Commission of Correspondence and the Sons of Liberty worked in conjunction with i another; the bulk, if non all, of the members of the Boston Committee of Correspondence were too members of the furtive Sons of Liberty. The Committees of Correspondence were established on the notion of diplomacy and served equally a springboard for activeness, whereas the Sons of Liberty were an underground organisation which operated in secrecy and used force, intimidation, and took physical activity. The Committees of Correspondence rallied colonial opposition against British policy and established a political union among the 13 Colonies.
Establishment
Since the 17th century, committees were not unknown to colonial legislatures in the American colonies. Colonies used these committees to deal with important issues between the private colony and Britain. Committees were formed in 1764 in Boston to garner opposition to the Currency Act and other reforms imposed on the customs service, and in 1765 both Boston and New York City formed committees to oppose the Postage Act. Notwithstanding, different the Committees of Correspondence, these early colonial committees were temporary organizations quickly dissolved after the result at mitt was resolved.
The structure of pre-Revolutionary colonial society greatly influenced and contributed to the establishment of the Committee of Correspondence. Individual towns, from the earliest days, provided an environment of cooperation and a degree of field of study, which would have not been viable except in the social, political, spiritual, and dynamic environments nether which these communities thrived. The close mutual association of towns and the influence of boondocks meetings, clergy, and later newspapers in colonial America created an atmosphere in which a cooperative spirit was nurtured; thus, when the Committees of Correspondence were created they had a profound consequence stirring the populace into commonage action. The first standing Committee of Correspondence was formed by Samuel Adams and twenty other Patriot leaders in November of 1772 in Boston in response to the Gaspée Affair, which had occurred the previous June in the colony of Rhode Isle.
The purpose of the Boston Committee of Correspondence was to "Prepare a argument of the rights of the colonists, and of this province in particular, as men, every bit Christians, and as subjects; Set up a declaration of the infringement of those rights; and Fix a letter to be sent to all the towns of this province and to the globe, giving the sense of this town."
On the eve of the American Revolution, Samuel Adams, Dr. Joseph Warren, James Otis, and other Patriot leaders in Boston recognized the importance of collective resistance, the power of correspondence, and more importantly the vital significance of town meetings. They recognized that in lodge to gain popular support they needed to split the strength of the towns away from British rule. Their first step was to gain influence in town meetings throughout Massachusetts, which were primarily dominated by Loyalists, although at this time the number of Patriot supporters was growing rapidly. In Boston on Monday, Nov ii, 1772, they organized a town meeting at Faneuil Hall and garnered enough support to vote in a resolution to create a standing Committee of Correspondence. The purpose of the Boston Commission of Correspondence was to "Prepare a statement of the rights of the colonists, and of this province in particular, as men, every bit Christians, and as subjects; Prepare a declaration of the infringement of those rights; and Prepare a letter to be sent to all the towns of this province and to the earth, giving the sense of this town."
The first communication the Boston Committee of Correspondence sent out to the towns of Massachusetts was a list of grievances they had with Britain and a asking that their views be endorsed. Accompanying the list of grievances was a request that asked for "a free advice of your sentiments to this town, of our common danger". The list independent the following grievances:
i. "British Parliament has causeless power of legislation for the colonists without their consent."
two. "Parliament has raised illegal revenues."
iii. "Revenue enhancement collectors have been appointed by the Crown, a right reserved to the province."
iv. "Tax collectors are entrusted with ability too accented and arbitrary. Private bounds are exposed to search."
v. "Fleets and Armies are quartered on the townsfolk in time of peace without their consent."
vi. "Tax revenue has been used by King to pay provincial government officers, making them dependent on him, in violation of the charter."
vii. "General assemblies are forced to meet in inconvenient places. Activities of the quango have been limited."
viii. "Colonists accused of crimes are to be tried in admiralty courts."
nine. "Restraints are placed confronting iron mills, hat manufacture, and transport; wool cannot exist carried over a ferry; many other businesses are curtailed."
x. "Colonists defendant of destroying any British naval property are to be transported to England for trial."
xi. "Parliament is attempting to establish an American Episcopate."
xii. "Parliament is making frequent amending of the bounds of the colonies, not according to charter."
Immediately following the issuing of the list of grievances, the majority of towns in Massachusetts took stock in the instance set by the Boston Committee of Correspondence and established a network of Committees of Correspondence throughout the colony of Massachusetts. The proper name Committee of Correspondence helped garner support during this radical period. Rather than being atypical in championship, the word "committee" carries no authoritative band and carried more moral ability in the minds of the colonists than a request from a unmarried representative or even a single town would accept.
Function
Soon afterward the germination of the Boston Committee of Correspondence and the network of Committees of Correspondence which soon sprung up all over Massachusetts, in the jump of 1773 Committees of Correspondence were established in the colonies of Rhode Isle, Connecticut, New Hampshire, and Southward Carolina. By February 1774, eleven of the Thirteen Colonies, excluding Pennsylvania and Northward Carolina, had established networks of Committees of Correspondence. In terms of ability, by early 1774 the Committees of Correspondence had superseded the colonial legislature and royal officials in the Thirteen Colonies. The Committees of Correspondence were influential in revolutionizing the town meeting from discussions of local matters to far-reaching global politics. In effect, the town meeting became the action-level for the Patriot cause. These meetings served as a means for the concerned citizenry to vocalization their opinions about the grievances they had with U.k..
The main role of the Committees of Correspondence was the championing and implementation of the Patriot cause through diplomatic means. The vast network of Committees of Correspondence served as a powerful pipeline through which information could be transmitted to all of the Xiii Colonies. The Committees of Correspondence served every bit a well-calculated Patriot network for the broadcasting of news and information as it related to grievances with Britain from the major cities to the rural communities. The Committees of Correspondence were responsible for ensuring the information they disseminated was accurate and reflected the views of their local parent governments on item issues, the colonial interpretation of British policy, and that the information they issued was sent to the proper factions. Data was disseminated by the Committees of Correspondence throughout the 13 Colonies through pamphlets and messages carried by mail riders or onboard ships. Additionally, newspapers served equally vital tools and communiqués for the network of Committees of Correspondence. The Boston Commission of Correspondence relied on the Boston Gazette and Massachusetts Spy as a principle means of disseminating information regarding the Patriot crusade and grievances with Britain. The Committees of Correspondence promoted manufacturing in the Xiii Colonies and advised colonists not to buy goods imported from Britain.
The goal of the Committees of Correspondence throughout the 13 Colonies was to inform voters of the mutual threat they faced from their mother country – Britain. The majority of the members of the Committees of Correspondence were also members of their local chapters of the secret Patriot organization the Sons of Liberty. They set up espionage networks to identify disloyal elements and disenfranchised majestic officials. The Maryland Commission of Correspondence was influential in establishing the Start Continental Congress. They convened in Philadelphia in September and Oct of 1774 to petition Britain to repeal the Intolerable Acts. Committees of Correspondence worked in conjunction with the Committees of Condom, formally Councils of War – which had been in existence since the 17th century. The Committees of Prophylactic, like the Committees of Correspondence, were formed on the eve of the American Revolution throughout the Thirteen Colonies in response to tensions with United kingdom and empowered committees to "alarm, muster, and cause to be assembled" as much of the provincial militia every bit needed at any fourth dimension. The Committees of Correspondence and the Committees of Safety, most notably in Massachusetts, were influential in the organizing, preparation, and arming of Patriot militias and establishing companies of minute men prior to the outbreak of the American Revolution on April nineteen, 1775, at Lexington and Concord. Committees of Correspondence provided the political system necessary to unite the Xiii Colonies in opposition to United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland. As a political entity, the Committees of Correspondence were replaced during the American Revolution by the more formal and qualified Provincial Congresses but they still continued to function at the local level.
The Committees of Correspondence could hardly claim to be the vox of the majority of colonists in the Thirteen Colonies, but their vocalism was the loudest and most broadcast of all the factions.
With what appeared as great support and acceptance throughout the Xiii Colonies, Committees of Correspondence were seen as a major grievance to supporters of the Loyalist crusade. In July 1774 in Worcester, Massachusetts – a hotbed of Patriot support- a alphabetic character signed by 50-two "free men" stated the following denouncing the Committees of Correspondence as rebellious: "The committees of correspondence in the several towns of this province, being creatures of modern invention, and constituted as they be, are a public grievance; having no legal foundation; contrived by a junto, to serve particular designs and purposes of their own; and that they, as they have been, and now are managed in this town, are a nuisance." The Committees of Correspondence could inappreciably merits to be the voice of the bulk of colonists in the Thirteen Colonies, but their phonation was the loudest and nearly broadcasted of all the factions. It was very easy to establish and grade a local Commission of Correspondence. Whatever localized group of Patriots could form a committee and join the vast network of Committees of Correspondence and serve as the Patriot voice for their corresponding region. Roughly, 7,000 to viii,000 Patriots served as delegates at the local and colony level on the various Committees of Correspondence. Nonetheless, the influence and implications of the Committees of Correspondence were enormous and directly led to the outbreak of the American Revolution.
The Tea Party Connexion
With arrival of the Dartmouth, Eleanor, and Beaver carrying cargoes of British Due east India Company Tea, the Boston Committee of Correspondence was charged with managing the "tea crisis" in late 1773. The Boston Committee of Correspondence was the driving force of the Dec 16, 1773, Boston Tea Party, which was carried out by the Sons of Liberty. Samuel Adams was the prominent leader of both organizations. The meetings in Nov and Dec at the One-time S Meeting House held prior to the Boston Tea Party were organized by the Boston Commission of Correspondence and the Sons of Freedom. Samuel Adams called upon the Committees of Correspondence from throughout Massachusetts for back up, calling them to exist in "readiness in the well-nigh resolute manner to aid this Town in their efforts for saving this oppressed country".
Samuel Adams called upon the Committees of Correspondent from throughout Massachusetts for support, calling them to be in "readiness in the most resolute manner to aid this Town in their efforts for saving this oppressed state."
Immediately post-obit the December sixteen, 1773, Boston Tea Party, Samuel Adams communicated the news of the Boston Tea Party through the vast networks of the Committees of Correspondence throughout the Thirteen Colonies. In letters dated as early on equally December 17, Samuel Adams reported on the event and emphasized the devastation of the "detested tea" took place "without the least Injury to the Vessels or any other belongings". Property rights were one of Samuel Adams' main arguments against British revenue enhancement, thus he had to make clear the simply damage the Boston Tea Party caused was the destruction of the tea. Paul Revere rode to Manhattan, New York, arriving on Dec 21 to deliver the Boston Committee of Correspondence's written report of the destruction of the tea. The Boston Committee of Correspondence reported the following: "We had a greater Meeting of the Body than ever. The Country coming in from Twenty Miles circular, and every Step was taken that was practicable for returning the Teas. The Moment it was known out of Doors, that Mr. Rotch could not obtain a Pass for his Ship by the Castle, a Number of People huzza'd in the Street, and in a very footling Fourth dimension, every Ounce of the Teas on board of Capt. Hall, Bruce, and Coffin, was immersed in the Bay, without the least Injury to individual Property. The Spirit of the People on this Occasion surprised all Parties, who viewed the Scene."
Source: https://www.bostonteapartyship.com/committees-of-correspondence#:~:text=The%20Committees%20of%20Correspondence%20promoted,from%20their%20mother%20country%20%E2%80%93%20Britain.
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